十二种状语从句分类

状语从句可表示时间、地点、条件、方式、让步、原因、比较、目的、结果等意义。不同的状语从句要求不同的连词或相当于连词的词组引出。

十二种状语从句分类

1、时间状语从句：

常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until

特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when instantly

eg.I ran into the classroom as soon as the bell rang.

2、地点状语从句：

常用引导词：where

特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere

eg. Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.

3、原因状语从句：

常用引导词：because=in that, since=now that, as, for

特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that

eg. I 'm late because I didn't caught the bus.

4、目的状语从句：

常用引导词：so that, in order that

特殊引导词： for fear that（唯恐/生怕），in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that

eg. You should book the hotel in advance so that the travel will be more easy.

5、结果状语从句：

常用引导词：so … that, such … that

特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that

eg. He is so young that he can't have meal by himself.

6、条件状语从句：

常用引导词：if, unless,

特殊引导词：as/so long as（只要）， only if, providing/provided that（倘若）， supposing that（倘若）， in case that（以防）， on condition that

eg. You can go to London as long as you have passport.

7、让步状语从句：

常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though

特殊引导词：as（用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装），while，no matter …， in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever, as if=as though

eg. Though we are old, we still can do these by ourselves.

8、比较状语从句：

常用引导词：as（同级比较）， than（不同程度的比较）

特殊引导词：the more … the more … ; just as …， so…，no … more than; not A so much as B

eg. She is as pretty as her mother.

9、方式状语从句：

常用引导词：as, as if, how

特殊引导词：the way

eg. He didn't so it the way his brother did.

状语从句的简化

状语从句同时具备下列两个条件：①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如：

When （ the museum is ） completed , the museum will be open to the public next year .

He’ll go to the seaside for his holiday if （it is ） possible.

另外，比较状语从句经常省略。例如：

I’m taller than he （is tall ）。

The higher the temperature （is）， the greater the pressure （is ）。

就状语从句而言，有时为了使语言言简意赅，常常将状语从句进行"简化".状语从句的"简化"现象在口语中较为普遍，而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此，有必要对其进行全面、透彻的了解。

状语从句的"简化"现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中：①由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句；②由although, though, even if / though等引导的让步状语从句；③由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引导的时间状语从句；④由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句；⑤由as, than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作一归纳。

（1）当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时，it和be要完全简化掉。例如：

If （it is） possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.如果可能的话，他会帮你摆脱困境。

You must attend the meeting unless （it is） inconvenient to you.除非情况对你来说不方便，否则你必须出席这次会议。

（2）当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形：

a.连词+形容词

As （he was） young, he learned how to ride a bike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。

Whenever （she is） free, she often goes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。

Work hard when （you are） young, or you'll regret.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

b.连词+名词

While （he was） a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩提时代就乐于助人。

Although （he was） a farmer, now he is a famous director.尽管他曾是个农民，而现在是位著名的导演了。

c.连词+现在分词

As （she was） walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。

Although （he is） doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.尽管近来他一直在学数学，但他仍然没有取得好成绩。

d.连词+过去分词

He won't go there with us unless （he is） invited.除非受到邀请，否则他不会和我们一道去那里。

The concert was a great success than （it was） expected.这场音乐会出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。

e.连词+不定式

He stood up as if （he were） to say something.当时他站起来好像要说什么。

He wouldn't solve the problem even if （he were） to take charge.即使他来负责，他也解决不了这个问题。

f.连词+介词短语

She looked anxious as though （she was） in trouble.她看上去很焦急，好像遇到了麻烦。

He had mastered the English language before （he was） in the USA.他到美国之前就懂英语了。

注意：当从句主语和主句主语不一致时，从句部分要么用完全形式，要么用独立主格结构来表达。例如：

When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.当会议结束时，人们都走出了会议室。（=The meeting over,all the people went out of the meeting-room.）

状语从句例题及解析

1、I won’t call you, ______ something unexpected happens.

A、unless

B、whether

C、because

D、while

答案：A

unless引导条件状语从句，意为“除非”，表示“我不会给你打电话，除非出乎意料的事发生”。whether引导让步状语从句或名词性从句，意为“无论是否”或“是否”。because引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，也可引导并列句，意为“而”。

2、We all know that, ______, the situation will get worse.

A、not if dealt carefully with

B、if not carefully dealt with

C、if dealt not carefully with

D、not if carefully dealt with

答案：B

if引导条件状语从句时，某些成分可以省略，if not carefully dealt with表示“如果不小心处理”。

3、____ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race.

A、If

B、Since

C、Though

D、When

答案：A

if引导虚拟条件句，意为“如果”。根据其时态可判断出表示过去非真实情况。这句话的意思是“如果他的腿没有受伤，约翰会赢这次赛跑”。since引导时间状语从句或原因状语从句，表示“自从”或“因为”。though引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”。when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。

4、Pop music is such an important part of society ______ it has even influenced our language.

A、as

B、that

C、which

D、where

答案：B

such形容词，意思是“如此、这样”，修饰名词，即可接可数名词，也可以接不可数名词。such…that句型，如此…以至于，句意：流行音乐是社会的如此重要的一部分，以至于甚至影响我们的语言。选B。

5、Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ______ they are not managed carefully.

A、though

B、before

C、until

D、if

答案：D

由语境逻辑可知，没有被小心驾驶是帆船在水中容易倾覆的条件，因此该空应填if引导条件状语从句。